A hazard is a situation which poses a level of threat to life Life is a characteristic that distinguishes objects that have self-sustaining biological processes ("alive," "living"), from those which do not —either because such functions have ceased (death), or else because they lack such functions and are classified as "inanimate.", health Health is generally defined as being "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" according to the World Health Organization, property Property is any physical or virtual entity that is owned by an individual or jointly by a group of individuals. An owner of property has the right to consume, sell, rent, mortgage, transfer and exchange his or her property. Important widely-recognized types of property include real property , personal property (physical possessions belonging to an or environment The natural environment, commonly referred to simply as the environment, is a term that encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. Most hazards are dormant or potential, with only a theoretical risk Risk is a concept that denotes the precise probability of specific eventualities. Technically, the notion of risk is independent from the notion of value and, as such, eventualities may have both beneficial and adverse consequences. However, in general usage the convention is to focus only on potential negative impact to some characteristic of of harm, however, once a hazard becomes 'active', it can create an emergency An emergency is a situation which poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the aftermath situation.

Modes of a Hazard

Wreck on rocks off Orchard Beach, The Bronx during the winter of 2007.

A hazard is usually used to describe a potentially harmful situation, although not usually the event itself - once the incident has started it is classified as an emergency An emergency is a situation which poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the aftermath or incident. There are a number of modes for a hazard, which include:

Classifying Hazards

By its nature, a hazard involves something which could potentially be harmful to a person's life, health, property or to the environment. There are a number of methods of classifying a hazard, but most systems use some variation on the factors of Likelihood of the hazard turning into an incident and the Seriousness of the incident if it were to occur.

A common method is to score both likelihood and seriousness on a numerical scale (with the most likely and most serious scoring highest) and multiplying one by the other in order to reach a comparative score.

Risk = Likelihood of Occurrence x Seriousness if incident occurred.

This score can then be used to identify which hazards may need to be mitigated. A low score on likelihood of occurrence may mean that the hazard is dormant, whereas a high score would indicate that it may be an Active hazard.

Causes of hazards

There are many causes , but they can broadly be termed into:

There are many types of hazards in our daily lives.

Categories: Emergency management This category is for general articles and categories about the theory and management of disasters and emergencies. For articles and categories about individual disasters, see Category:Disasters, for articles and categories about the phenomena causing disasters, see Category:Hazards | Safety Categories: Prevention | Security | Risk | Risk Categories: Core issues in ethics | Security | Information, knowledge, and uncertainty | Applied probability

 

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